From Gamer to AI Unicorn Co-founder: A Conversation with Cohere’s Ivan Zhang

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August 1, 2024

If you have followed the news in any capacity over the last few years, you have undoubtedly heard about LLMs, and the companies building these models. Though the consumer-facing models from companies such as Open AI have captured the hearts and minds of the public, enterprises have different concerns–things such as data privacy, and model reliability.

Enter Cohere, a company developing LLMs to address these issues. Started in 2019, Cohere partners with companies such as McKinsey, Oracle, and all the hyperscalers, and boasts a valuation of $5.5 billion. I sat down with one of the co-founders, Ivan Zhang, to talk about his journey.

TLDR; Key Takeaways

If you only have a few minutes, here are a few golden nuggets from my conversation with Ivan:

Sales should be customer-centric. This seems obvious, but have you ever started a sales conversation by talking about your product? Instead, try starting the conversation by asking your customer about their pain points, and then addressing them.
Data will be a bottleneck for AI development. Not in the sense that we will run out of internet to train on, but rather that there are types of data which we don’t have a lot of published datasets for.
Your startup doesn’t have to be in the Bay to succeed. Cohere is headquartered in Toronto. This works for them because VCs are more open to remote work after the pandemic and Toronto has a lot of budding technical talent.
A key signal to look for when hiring is mastery in any domain. Learning how to master something is fairly transferable. Masters in one domain can likely become masters in another.
Being the lone Asian in a leadership room takes some time to adjust to. Getting more reps in has helped Ivan get used to his position.

Tell me about your upbringing, what pushed you to become a hacker?

I was born in Shenzhen, China, and moved to Toronto when I was eight. As a kid, I was always on the computer, even in China, playing the most random arcade games. I don’t want to paint Asians with a broad stroke, but if you’re a male Asian person who has been to high school in the past decade, more likely than not, you’ve played a ton of video games. I did that a lot, and I feel like it built a digital tolerance and stamina for sitting in front of a screen for long hours. Gaming was a big part of why I’m so drawn to building things, working really hard, and doing crazy hours in front of a screen.

When I got to university, I discovered the hackathon community. Every weekend, we would just meet up at random Ontario universities and sometimes U.S. universities. We would build for the whole weekend. Gaming addiction primed me to get really good at software engineering. I spent my entire first year going to hackathons, building stuff on the side. I had this realization that I could be spending 18 hours playing League of Legends, or I could use the same energy to build stuff, which is also very fun and not as frustrating as a solo queue. It felt like a natural progression.

How has your role within Cohere changed as the company has grown?

When you’re in a startup, your role tends to evolve a lot. That’s been especially true for my time at Cohere. When we started, I was hands-on coding every day, building some of our early systems and pipelines. Eventually, the company grew, and we hired people. Some of our founders had to step up and do some people management.

Eventually, we hired people managers as well, so I have to do less of that. Nowadays, I’m much more settled. I’d say I spend probably 50% of my time still doing technical stuff like machine learning and data processing. For the other 50%, I spend time with customers, either building new relationships, fostering existing ones, or really bringing in business. I think that’s a big part of a founder’s job, like founder-led sales.

How was the transition to doing sales? Did that come naturally to you?

As someone who spent most of my time as the most backend of backend developers, it was definitely uncomfortable at first. When you think about sales, you might think of a business guy with a suit trying to convince someone to give you money for stuff. But when I started doing it more and more, it ended up being about genuinely trying to learn more about your customers, asking them good questions, and figuring out what issues they have. It’s honestly the most important thing you could do. Why are you building anything if you don’t know what your customers want?

Sales has been super fun because it informs my technical work. I’m starting to see patterns across these conversations, which help inform what we should focus on. Another aspect is that as a founder, when you’re doing sales, you’re meeting executives and other founders as well–so you’re building good professional relationships. For anyone who’s new to it, you should expect some discomfort. But, like anything, you just learn to do it.

Why did you guys decide to focus on enterprise?

The enterprise market is often seen as boring, but actually, most of the world’s efficiency will come from automating a lot of these back-end use cases that don’t necessarily need human potential. A lot of these tasks we’re automating don’t need a well-educated human being sitting at a computer for eight hours a day. We’re much more interested in unlocking that human time for something else. Enterprise is where a lot of this kind of work is done. For example, Oracle is one of our customers, and they’ve deployed our models into their NetSuite features. So, a ton of HR and ERP use cases are now powered by our models. Our mission is scaling intelligence to serve humanity, and what better way to do it than to target the people doing this kind of back-end work at scale?

We also liked the idea of not having to suck up all of our customers’ data to train these models. In enterprise, we actually ship our models on-prem and we air gap them, so we don’t see any of our customers’ data. In those kinds of scenarios, we have to build our models slightly differently. We have to teach our models to use the enterprise’s internal knowledge bases, use the information returned from these knowledge bases, and then write an answer and cite it. This is all RAG (retrieval augmented generation), which is what we’re focused on because we deploy these models in this air-gapped environment where we can’t continuously suck up people’s usage data. We still have an API and a demo, but the majority of our deployments are on-premise.

What are some areas of AI, whether infrastructure or application, that you think more people should be building in?

I think there will be a bottleneck in terms of training data, but not in the way it’s currently been communicated to the public. Some people paint a picture that we’ll run out of the internet to scrape. I think that’s a naive understanding of how these models work and how to train them. In terms of capturing digital signals—thoughts, demonstrations, audio, video, images, sensory data—there’s going to be a big bottleneck in capturing data from the world that’s not already represented on the internet. The internet does a good job of capturing data and it grows exponentially every year, but there’s information about the world that we experience on a daily basis.

Do you mean information that isn’t easily digitally representable, such as smell?

Yeah, so smell for example–we’d have to build this hypersensitive chemical detector. So if we want autonomous interactive robots in the real world that can smell, there is an information problem we have to solve for the robots, right? They don’t have a nose; we don’t have a great digital nose for them. And I’m sure there’s other stuff.

Why have you decided to keep Cohere headquartered in Toronto instead of the Bay Area?

The three of us co-founders just really like living in Toronto. We grew up here, we have roots here. We also realized that it is actually a pretty great city for A.I. At some point in time, most of the people leading A.I. in the Valley came from Toronto. They came from Jeff Hinton’s lab at the University of Toronto. So there’s a ton of great early talent here. And I think because of how the VC attitude has shifted since the pandemic, investors are investing everywhere. They aren’t restricting investments to the Valley. Remote work is a thing now. And so luckily for us, we’ve been able to raise successfully. We’ve been able to build good models.

I’ve heard that you don’t pursue brand-name resumes when hiring. What are some signals that you look at instead of pedigree that indicate someone could be a great hire?

I’ve thought about this a lot. I try to think about my own trajectory and places that have rejected me and what signals they didn’t see. What it comes down to is that I look for folks who are extremely skilled at something. Once you’re skilled at something, you can take that anywhere else. Sometimes we want to hire more experienced folks, for sure. But especially in a field like ours where disciplines such as pre-training haven’t been around long enough for anyone to have much experience, you want high-energy, high-autonomy individuals who are excited to learn, experiment, and fail fast.

I try to ask a few questions that probe at stuff related to this. Like, “What’s the coolest thing you’ve worked on?” Then I get to see if they’re going into a lot of detail and are really excited about this random thing. “What’s the hardest you’ve worked on anything?” I want to see if they can go the equivalent of 16 hours a day, seven days a week when they’ve actually gone to bat for something. And then obviously, experience in the field is definitely a big plus, but honestly, the best hires we’ve made have just been high-energy, hardworking, genuinely curious people who are also skilled at software engineering.

How has being Asian impacted your founder’s journey?

I’m not ignorant of it. I definitely know it’s a thing. For example, on my board, I’m the only Asian guy on it. But I’ve been fortunate in that, growing up in Toronto and starting this company in Toronto, it’s not that weird to be an Asian guy in tech. So on the technical front, I don’t see it as a hindrance whatsoever. But it’s definitely been a factor for my own comfort in leadership situations–being the only person that looks like me in certain situations. But honestly, once I got the reps in, being in those situations, it was totally fine. And I think there are a few things that, depending on how you were raised, could affect you in doing business at the leadership level here. But generally, once you get the reps in, it doesn’t even matter.

Is there anything you’d like to shout out?

I’d like to shoutout my wife, she’s a big inspiration for me. Shoutouts to my mom, my dad, my sister. I think my parents taught me what it means to work really hard. I think this is true for many of us immigrants, watching our parents and grandparents work the most menial labor jobs just so we can be fed and go to school. It’s super inspiring. It makes me think: Why am I not working harder? Why am I not thinking about how I can level up and help them retire? My family has been a big inspiration to me. Lastly, shoutouts to Cohere and my co-founders. It’s been super fun, and I’m privileged to be working on this tech. I think it’s genuinely the most interesting thing I could be doing right now.

If you are high-energy, hardworking, and highly curious about AI, please consider applying to work with Ivan at Cohere! You can check out available positions at this link.

Thank you for joining us, Ivan!

Stories

4 Creative Ways Trysen Kaneshige Uses Art to Keep Aloha Alive

Some artists create for attention or fleeting trends, but Trysen creates with intention, guided by a deep sense of responsibility to the culture that shaped him. Growing up in Hawaiʻi, he learned that Aloha is not just a feeling, but a way of living rooted in care, respect, and connection.

That belief now guides both his art and his creative studio, Inspire to Create Media. Through murals, design work, and storytelling projects, Trysen uses his business as a platform to protect culture while helping others share their stories with intention.

1. Reviving Local Stories Through Murals

Photo courtesy of Trysen Kaneshige, Founder of Inspire to Create Media

At the core of Trysen’s work is listening. On Kauaʻi, he spends time learning from residents about their histories, struggles, and sources of pride before creating any artwork. This approach reflects the values he also brings into Inspire to Create Media, where storytelling always begins with people.

The murals that follow are rooted in real voices. They transform blank walls into visual records that help locals feel represented and allow visitors to understand the island through the community’s lived experience.

2. Designing With Aloha in Mind

Photo courtesy of Trysen Kaneshige, Founder of Inspire to Create Media

Aloha influences how Trysen collaborates, how carefully he considers each element, and how much intention goes into every decision. Design, for him, is about respect as much as aesthetics. That same mindset shapes the design work produced through Inspire to Create Media.

Whether creating branding, apparel, or custom visuals, his goal is to make work that feels warm and grounded. Each piece is designed to reflect care, balance, and a sense of home rather than fleeting trends.

3. Empowering Youth and Community Spaces

Photo courtesy of Trysen Kaneshige (fourth from left), Founder of Inspire to Create Media

Beyond client work, Trysen uses both his art and his studio to invest in the next generation. Through partnerships with schools and wellness programs, Inspire to Create Media supports projects that turn shared spaces into places for expression and growth.

By involving young people in the creative process, he helps build confidence and identity. These initiatives focus less on the final product and more on giving youth a voice and a stronger connection to their roots.

4. Building a Global Bridge From Island Roots

Photo courtesy of Trysen Kaneshige, Founder of Inspire to Create Media

While his work is deeply rooted in Hawaiʻi, its reach continues to grow beyond the islands. Through collaborations with global brands like Volcom and OluKai, Trysen shares an authentic island perspective with a wider audience.

These partnerships amplify his message without compromising its foundation. By staying grounded in culture, he shows that it is possible to connect with the world while remaining true to where you come from.

Photo courtesy of Trysen Kaneshige, Founder of Inspire to Create Media

Carrying Aloha Forward

At its core, Trysen’s work—through his art and his studio, Inspire to Create Media—is an ongoing act of care. Through each project, he honors his home, uplifts his community, and uses creativity as a way to carry Aloha forward with intention, respect, and lasting impact.

More than anything, his work reflects a belief that culture is something you actively protect and pass on. By choosing collaboration over ego and meaning over trends, Trysen ensures that Aloha is not only preserved, but lived, felt, and shared with future generations.

Discover more from Trysen Kaneshige here:

📍Facebook

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Learn more about Inspire to Create Media here:

📍Website

📍Instagram

Dec 26, 2025
3 min read

Stories

From Jackie Chan’s Assistant to Building Paire: How Nathan Yun’s Vision for Better Essentials Became a $15M a Year Brand

Nathan Yun did not start his career thinking he would one day build a consumer brand. His early years were spent on film sets and in editing rooms, learning how stories are shaped and how audiences respond to them. Working as an assistant to Jackie Chan gave him a front-row view of storytelling at its highest level. He watched how a single film could reach millions of people and create a shared emotional moment across cultures.

Yet over time, he noticed something that stayed with him. The inspiration was real, but it faded quickly. Once the credits rolled, people returned to their usual routines. That contrast made him question what lasting influence really looked like. Was it found in big, unforgettable moments, or in the small things people interacted with every day?

Paire grew out of that question, built not around trends or marketing tactics, but around everyday essentials, starting with socks. If stories could move people for a moment, Nathan believed products could shape how they lived every day.

From Film Sets to Daily Habits

Nathan came to understand that while stories stay with people selectively, habits are formed through repetition. Clothing, especially everyday essentials, plays a quiet but constant role in daily life. When something feels uncomfortable or wears out too quickly, people notice it immediately, even if they never say it out loud.

This insight marked a turning point. Nathan no longer wanted to create something people felt for a moment. He wanted to build something they could rely on every day. From the beginning, Paire was shaped around that idea.

Instead of chasing trends, the brand focused on fit, fabric, and longevity. The goal was simple: to make essentials people would reach for again without thinking.

Nathan Yun (right), Founder of Paire

Learning How to Build Before Building His Own

Before launching Paire, Nathan spent five years at furniture startup Brosa, where he learned what it takes to grow a business beyond an idea. As the company expanded from a ten-person team to more than one hundred employees, his role evolved from content creation to leading brand and marketing.

During that time, he saw how forecasting affected inventory, how data guided growth, and how pressure increased as operations scaled. He also witnessed what happened when demand moved faster than systems, and how costly it could be to build those systems too late.

Those experiences shaped how Nathan approached entrepreneurship. He did not want to build Paire on instinct alone. He wanted a clear understanding of supply chains, margins, logistics, and customer behavior before committing to his own brand.

Nathan Yun (far right), Founder of Paire

The Trip That Made the Mission Personal

The purpose behind Paire became clear during a trip to India. Away from polished storefronts and online campaigns, Nathan saw the fashion industry in a very different light. He witnessed environmental damage near production sites and spoke with workers whose livelihoods depended on high-volume manufacturing.

“That experience made it clear something needed to change,” Nathan explains. What stayed with him most was how disconnected these realities were from everyday shopping habits.

Much of the damage he saw came from clothing treated as disposable. When he returned home, Nathan reached out to his longtime friend Rex, a textile expert. Instead of launching a wide range of products, they chose to start small. The focus was on improving a single item and making it last.

Nathan Yun (left), Founder of Paire

Earning Trust Through the Product Itself

Nathan understood that values alone would not earn loyalty. The product had to prove itself in everyday life. The team spent months refining fabric blends, improving breathability, and testing durability through repeated wear and wash cycles.

Pricing a pair of socks at twenty-four dollars came with risk. Most consumers were used to buying socks cheaply and replacing them often. But once people tried Paire, many returned. Nearly seventy percent became repeat customers, not because of marketing, but because the product became part of their routine.

By focusing on quality and longevity, Nathan Yun built a $15M-a-year brand that shows meaningful change does not always arrive loudly. Sometimes, it begins quietly, through the simplest things we rely on every day.

Follow Nathan’s journey:

📍 Website
📍 Instagram | LinkedIn

Dec 19, 2025
4 min read

Blogs, Development

What the Creator Economy Really Needs in 2026

The creator economy is no longer a niche corner of the internet. It is a $250 billion industry, powering modern marketing, culture, and commerce. Yet for the creators at its core, the experience often remains unstable and fragmented. Inconsistent rates, shifting platform demands, and “gifting” budgets paired with outsized expectations have left many navigating an ecosystem that hasn’t caught up to their value.

As we look toward 2026, the industry is approaching a tipping point. Growth alone is no longer enough. What creators need now are standards, systems, and support that allow them to build sustainable careers—not just viral moments.

Below are five critical shifts shaping the future of creator work, and the standards Meraki is building to support a stronger, more intentional industry.

1. Stronger Structure for a Growing Industry

Photo courtesy of Vivian Kwan (center), Founder of Meraki Group

While creator content has never been more polished, the backend of the industry remains disorganized. Uneven pay scales, scope creep mid-campaign, and unclear paths to professional growth are still common. Creators are often met with constant brief changes or “gifting” requests that require high-level deliverables without fair compensation.

The gap: There is no shared structure defining fair rates, clear deliverables, or realistic timelines across the industry. Expectations are often implied rather than stated, leaving creators to absorb last-minute changes, unpaid revisions, and expanded usage. Over time, this places most of the financial and emotional risk on creators instead of being shared evenly with brand partners.

The Meraki solution: Meraki builds every partnership on clarity. Terms and rates are established upfront, expectations are clearly defined, and communication stays transparent throughout the process. By setting strong boundaries early, creators are protected from underpayment, and brands begin each project with a shared roadmap for success.

2. Education That Powers Careers, Not Just Content

Image Source: Pexels

The biggest challenges creators face are rarely creative. They are structural. Pricing work correctly, understanding usage rights, and identifying harmful contract clauses remain major pain points—even for experienced creators.

Too often, creators are expected to learn these lessons the hard way.

The gap: Most creators enter the industry without access to professional guidance that supports long-term career growth. Knowledge around contracts, licensing, and negotiation is often gatekept or learned through costly mistakes. As a result, many creators stay stuck in short-term cycles instead of building sustainable paths forward.

The Meraki solution: Meraki focuses on training ethical, creator-first managers who act as true career partners. Through negotiation support and education around contract red flags, creators are equipped to think beyond the next deal and toward sustainable, multi-year growth.

3. Standards in Negotiation and Contracts

Image Source: Pexels

A significant number of creators still undercharge for their work, and 26% report needing help navigating contracts. Without standardized deal benchmarks, creators are often left guessing their worth—leading to pay gaps, rights misuse, and legal risk.

The gap: Negotiation norms vary widely, with no clear benchmarks for fair compensation or usage terms. Many contracts are written in dense legal language that creators are expected to sign without full understanding. This imbalance leaves creators vulnerable to losing control of their work and long-term earning potential.

The Meraki solution: Meraki empowers creators with defined negotiation standards and the confidence to secure fair, market-value deals. By demystifying contracts and usage terms, creators can focus on their craft knowing their income and intellectual property are protected.

4. Work Models That Protect Wellbeing

Image Source: Pexels

Burnout has become one of the industry’s most pressing issues, affecting more than half of full-time creators. The always-on model—driven by algorithm shifts and last-minute deadlines—is no longer sustainable.

Creativity cannot thrive under constant urgency.

The gap: Many campaigns are built around speed and volume rather than realistic creative timelines. Creators are expected to be constantly available, adapt instantly, and produce under pressure without recovery time. Over time, this erodes both creative quality and mental health.

The Meraki solution: Meraki advocates for structured planning and sustainable workflows. Campaign timelines are built to protect both creative quality and mental health, proving that high-level output does not require constant exhaustion.

5. Representation Rooted in Voice, Not Trends

Image Source: Pexels

Creators are increasingly resistant to being reduced to labels or treated as trend-driven checkboxes. True representation starts with understanding a creator’s voice—not forcing them into a predefined brand narrative.

The gap: Many partnerships remain transactional, prioritizing short-term relevance over genuine alignment. Creators are often selected to fill a category rather than for their perspective or long-term vision. This leads to inauthentic work that disconnects creators from their communities.

The Meraki solution: Meraki begins every partnership by listening. By understanding each creator’s goals and vision, Meraki aligns them with brands that share their values—fostering long-term relationships that feel authentic to both the creator and their community.

Photo courtesy of Vivian Kwan (second from left), Founder of Meraki Group

The Next Era: Purpose Over Pressure

As we look toward 2026, the transition from a “Wild West” to a professionalized industry requires more than just better tools—it requires a fundamental shift in how we value the humans behind the content.

Meraki sits at the center of this new era, bridging creative passion with real professional growth. By pushing for fair standards, ethical representation, and sustainable careers, Meraki does more than manage creators; they help protect the future of creative work.wi

Learn more about Meraki Group:

📍Website

📍Instagram

Dec 19, 2025
5 min read

Stories

Joeydolls by Samantha Ong: A Story of a Daughter’s Search and a Mother’s Mission

Where Identity Begins

Growing up in Australia as part of a small minority shaped Samantha’s early understanding of identity. It taught her what it feels like to search for belonging, to look for pieces of yourself in the world and not always find them. Those early lessons sat quietly in the background as she moved into adulthood.

Her career began in finance, a path she chose for its stability and predictability. But creativity eventually led her in a different direction. She built a thriving wedding photography studio—one that grew from passion, long nights, and the joy of capturing love stories. It was a life she couldn’t have imagined at the start.

Then the pandemic arrived. Overnight, hundreds of thousands of bookings vanished. The business she had spent years building collapsed in an instant. And in that same period of loss, another reality weighed heavily on her: the rise in anti-Asian hate. As a mother, the headlines and the stories hit differently. Samantha began thinking deeply about the world she wanted for her daughters—what they would grow up seeing, feeling, and believing about themselves.

That led her on a simple search: dolls that reflected her daughters’ culture. But what she found were options that were limited, stereotypical, and often too expensive. It was a moment that crystallized something important. Realizing how quickly children learn about who they are, the idea for Joeydolls began to take shape—quietly, but powerfully.

Turning an Idea Into a Brand

An idea, however, is only the beginning. Turning it into a real toy brand meant stepping into a world Samantha knew nothing about. She had to learn everything from manufacturing to product design to e-commerce—starting from zero. There was no roadmap, just persistence and a mission that felt too important to abandon.

The timing made it even harder. Pandemic rules slowed communication. Shipping delays stretched out timelines from weeks to months. With very little funding, every decision mattered. Every misstep cost time she couldn’t afford to lose.

Then tariffs on goods from China jumped to 145%, and suddenly even the future of the business came into question. There were moments when it all seemed impossible—too expensive, too complex, too overwhelming for one person to navigate.

But Samantha kept going. She kept refining the vision, pushing through setbacks, and holding onto the mission that started it all. And she didn’t do it alone. Throughout the long nights and the uncertainty, she was supported by a husband working multiple jobs so she could stay focused on building the brand their daughters—and so many other children—deserved.

A Brand With a Bigger Purpose

Today, Joeydolls has sold over 15,000 dolls and earned major recognition. But those numbers only tell part of the story. At its heart, the brand is Samantha’s answer to a question that began during one of the hardest moments of her life: How do we help children grow up seeing their cultures celebrated, not erased?

Joeydolls stands as that answer—a way for children to see their cultures reflected with pride, dignity, and everyday joy. What started as a search for her own daughters became a mission to help thousands of children feel seen, valued, and connected to where they come from.

A single doll can seem small. But for many families, it’s a beginning. And for Samantha, it’s proof that representation—when created with care—can grow into something far bigger than one person’s story.

Learn more about her story here: https://www.joeydolls.com/

Dec 8, 2025
3 min read