Awaken* newsletter

August 29, 2024

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This article was co-written by Edwin Ong from the AHN Ventures team and Lennie Zhu, who is the Founder of 01 Labs, a product studio that builds products with early-stage software companies serving creators (media, entertainment, social), small businesses and independents. She has worked with startups such as HIFI (acquired by Block), F*** You Pay Me, and more. One of AHN Ventures’ portfolio founders, Amartya Jha, was the lead interviewer. Amartya is the Co-founder & CEO of CodeAnt AI, a DevTool that helps companies find and auto-fix code issues and security vulnerabilities used by small teams all the way to large unicorns.

In this edition, we had the honor of hosting an exclusive advisory session between Kun Gao, co-founder and former CEO of Crunchyroll, and Amartya Jha of Codeant AI. For those who don’t know, Crunchyroll is the leading anime streaming service with over 13 million subscribers as of 2024, and was last valued at $1.5 billion when it was sold to Sony in 2020. Nowadays, Kun works on two new companies that he co-founded: GGWP, an AI-powered game moderation platform; and Forge, which rewards gamers within and out-of-game prizes for the data they generate through gaming.

We are excited to share 7 hidden lessons for founders from our conversation with Kun.

1. The consumer products that succeed are the ones that go viral – and that can be hard to predict

One of Kun’s early insights was that consumer apps with baked-in virality tend to be the ones that work out. Examples of built-in viral features are share buttons, “invite a friend/collaborator features,” or content that can be easily reposted. 

However, consumer behavior can be notoriously difficult to predict. Unless you have superior product sense like Steve Jobs, your best bet is to take your best guess, then ship quickly and avoid getting caught up in minute details. If your product truly has value, people will use it even if it isn’t polished. Need proof? Check out the screenshot below of what Crunchyroll looked like in 2006. 

Kun: “One of the lessons I learned from that experience is that you really don’t know what the consumer mindset is. You can have a guess, but with pure consumer experiences, it’s better to just try something, throw it against the wall, and see if it sticks. Then, you can collect the data, iterate, and see what works and what doesn’t.

We developed the first version of Crunchyroll in about a month. We put it out there and shared it with our friends. They started using it, and pretty soon we had hundreds, then thousands of users. At the end of the day, it’s about making something really engaging that can capture an audience and get them to virally spread it. Those kinds of consumer products just inherently grow. So my advice would be to think about how to build products that inherently have virality built in.”

2. Build something that solves your own problems

The advantage of building something for yourself is that you will have at least one user out of the gate, and likely a few others since you likely have some friends with similar issues. Furthermore, you’ll be able to understand the customers’ needs because *you* are the customer. For Crunchyroll, this allowed them to cut out hiring product people and only hire engineers at the start

Kun: “With Crunchyroll, we were trying to solve a problem that we personally had. Every Thursday, Naruto would come out on TV in Japan, and it would be only accessible in the US on unreliable torrent websites. We just wanted a place where we could watch Naruto at 6 p.m. every Thursday after work. 

We knew we could get at least a starting set of users because we had that problem, and we were our own consumers…. We also knew we could get all of our friends to use it because we knew they were experiencing the same problem. And so we built Crunchyroll.”

3. Experiment relentlessly until you perfect your conversion funnel

What is often talked about when monetization is on the agenda is “What monetization model makes sense for my company?” Subscriptions, one-time purchases, ad revenue, freemium…the list goes on. But what gets less airtime yet is arguably even more important is how to optimize your conversion funnel. While there is no glory in experimenting with things like button placement, CTA copy, and 1 vs. 3-step payment flows, those kinds of nitty-gritty decisions are exactly what separate “businesses with potential” from the real moneymakers. 

Kun: “Before [we started offering paid subscriptions], we already had a decent amount of users, around a few million. When we flipped the switch to premium content, around 10,000 people converted to paid, which is really low. We thought we would get 50,000, but we only got 10,000 people to convert to paid. The rest stayed on as free users. So then we had to figure out why more people weren’t converting.

We ran some tests on alternative business models. We tested charging per episode, and even some rental models. Those tests didn’t perform that well, so we decided to double down and optimize our subscription model. 

To tackle [conversion], we basically annotated everything on the site and figured out what users were clicking, what they were looking at, and which buttons converted better. Should we start with a free trial? If it’s a free trial, should it be seven days or four? The size of the icons—we basically tested everything, especially in the first year… Over time, we were able to convert the majority of the audience to become paid subscribers.”

4. Ride societal waves in culture and technology

It’s important for every company to have an answer to the question “Why now?” What was not true before, that is now true and enables the product to succeed? This could be something technological or societal. In the case of Crunchyroll, Twitch, and YouTube, the explosion of video streaming was a major driver for those platforms to reach the dizzying levels of success they have today. 

Kun: “Part of what separated us was that we were in the right place at the right time. If you look at all the successful video platforms today—YouTube, Twitch, Crunchyroll—they all started at basically the same time, around the 2004 to 2006 period. You kind of needed to start during that time to be successful. 

Within that time frame, there were also a lot of competitors we were competing with. Platforms like Stage Six, Veoh, and Joost were trying to go after the same space and opportunity. Speed was really important because there was a land grab for distribution at that time. When I say distribution, I mean the proliferation of consumer devices besides the PC from 2006 to 2007, all the way until the early 2010s. Because of our speed, we were able to build these platforms before everyone else and ride that wave of device growth. We were one of the first launch partners on PlayStation alongside Netflix. Being able to build on new platforms with a product engineering focus first allowed us to outgrow and out-distribute others in the space.”

5. The best companies expand their markets or create new ones

Today, Crunchyroll has over 13 million subscribers. There were a lot of external factors that drove the massive growth in the popularity of anime, including the pandemic, but Crunchyroll itself played a major part in making anime more mainstream because it made it accessible to Western audiences. 

Kun: “The thing that surprised me most was that our TAM (Total Addressable Market) ended up being much bigger than we expected. I would project that we would maybe hit 200,000 subscribers. That’s it. Then when we actually reached 200,000 subscribers, we thought maybe we’d get to a million. And then when we got to a million, we thought maybe we’d get to 3 million. The growth itself has really surprised even us. Today, it’s the largest pure vertical play among all the content verticals out there. Initially, because we didn’t expect our TAM to be so big, our approach was to super-serve our audience and do way more than just streaming, which we eventually did, but it just continued to grow even beyond our expectations.”

6. Get creative about how to finance your startup

Many founders’ minds jump immediately to venture funding when they consider how to support their companies. But raising venture money can be a long and difficult path, and it’s not always the right choice for every startup. Timing is everything, and bringing in outside capital before establishing product-market fit can be a mistake, driving founders to pivot into oblivion. Kun gave us a look behind the curtain at how Crunchyroll funded itself before venture money, which included user donations, partner investments, and- yes, credit cards. While taking on significant credit card debt may not be recommended, staying open-minded about where your financing could come from is.

Kun: [Before we were profitable, we financed Crunchyroll with] venture money, and maxed out our credit cards before that. For a period of time, we also accepted donations. Before we raised VC funding, we had pretty hefty bandwidth bills because video streaming was very expensive. At some point, we realized that we couldn’t sustain the site. At the same time, we couldn’t directly charge users because we didn’t own the content. That was the motivation behind accepting donations. To give the users some incentive to donate, we built a very sticky social product where users could create an account, participate in forums, and chat with other anime fans. Anyone who donated would get a star next to their name so people would know that the person donated. It was an appeal to social status and social proof. That was enough to offset some of the bandwidth bills in the early days before we had venture funding.

I [also went to one of] our biggest content partners, the folks who license the content to us, and asked if they wanted to own a piece of the business. It made a lot of sense because if they invested, they would also have a vested interest in the platform and could capture more of the value that their shows were generating. It was a win-win. We took in about a million dollars, which was enough to bridge us to the break-even point.

7. As an Asian founder, take advantage of your inherent cultural strengths

Asian founders starting businesses in Western countries should not underestimate their ability to globalize their businesses by capitalizing on Asian markets, which they may be much better positioned to do than their non-Asian counterparts. Fundamental cultural context that you may not even acknowledge your grasp can help you succeed overseas.

Kun: “With Crunchyroll, we obviously worked a lot with Japan. I think that because I’m Asian, they trusted me more. At the end of the day, it was also about understanding and appreciating their value system, which is very different from the US. In the US, it’s really about the value proposition. In Asia, it’s much more about relationships and trust, so we really leaned into that. Maybe part of that was influenced by our upbringing. You can’t just show up and expect deals immediately. You need to be around, be persistent, and show them that you’re committed. But that might be a bit of a unique situation for us.”

Conclusion

Thank you to Kun Gao for the interview! If you are a gaming company looking for moderation tools, please consider checking out GGWP, and if you are a gamer wondering why you aren’t being rewarded for the mountains of data you are generating, please check out Forge!

Written by Edwin Ong and Lennie Zhu

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Humphry Slocombe Launched Filipino-Inspired Ice Cream In Collaboration With Popular Eatery Señor Sisig

There is nothing quite like a scoop of ice cream on a hot day, as we’re sure you’ll agree! And what better way to enjoy one than with a tasty serving of delectable creations alongside your best dishes?

This summer, the renowned Filipino food truck now restaurant Señor Sisig will open a branch in the food hall of the San Francisco Bay Area and collaborate with the Filipino-inspired experimental ice cream Humphry Slocombe.

They have been starting to develop a new ice cream flavor that evokes childhood and promotes the favorite dishes with an accompanying dessert. According to SFGate, both businesses have decided to work together as they get ready to become Ferry Building tenants.

It may be a new flavor for Humphry Slocombe customers, but it’s not for Filipinos. Made with cinnamon and bananas, the ice cream is as delicious as it sounds. Named “churron”, a mash-up of “churro” and “turon,” a Filipino caramelized fried banana roll.

The new Señor Sisig restaurant will serve drinks with Filipino and Mexican tastes including ube, pandan, and calamansi.

Stop by one of the six Humphry Slocombe locations around the Bay Area to enjoy this new flavorful ice cream before it sells out!

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Melody Hahm on Shaping a Diverse Venture Capital Landscape for Entrepreneurs

Melody Hahm has held many roles as an acclaimed business journalist for CNBC and Yahoo Finance and a platform and community manager for venture capital firm Harlem Capital. But her Twitter bio begins with “unapologetically Korean.” That’s a good indicator of the kind of person Melody is. 

In her interview with AHN, Melody is unapologetically honest about her experiences as, often, the only Asian in the room. She shares her journey of finding value in her work and, as a result, recognizing her self-worth to advocate for herself in traditionally male-dominated newsrooms. 

Since joining Harlem Capital in July 2021, she has helped female entrepreneurs and people of color make their mark in history. She leads off-site and operator networking events and content strategy for the firm’s portfolio companies. But she’s doing so much more for the BIPOC community of entrepreneurs by giving them the resources and platform to succeed. 

A CHILD OF KOREAN IMMIGRANTS FINDING HER PASSION FOR JOURNALISM

I was born in New York City and raised in the tri-state area in Connecticut and Jersey. I was a lifelong east coaster. My parents are Korean immigrants who met in the States, and I’m their only child. It became my passion early on to become a journalist. 

I had a dream of telling international stories, given my background as a child of Korean immigrants. Starting in elementary school, I took a liking to my Spanish class, and I performed the best in English reading and comprehension. So, pairing those things together, I was like, I’ll think I’ll figure out what this journalism thing is. It was after a journalism and writing summer program that I did after eighth grade that I realized this is the area I want to focus on. 

I started to write for my school newspaper and contributed to my local newspaper, the New Haven Register. There weren’t necessarily Asian bylines I could look to. There was Connie Chung and a few token Asian women on TV. But I could not envision what my career would look like. 

I’ll never forget what my mom said. She said, if you watch TV or go to a Broadway show and see someone that looks like you, it’s probably the stereotypically nerdy character who has a line or two, but you’ll never see someone who looks like you as the main character. She didn’t mean to discourage my dreams, but I think it was a reality check that perhaps it wasn’t the most practical route. 

“There weren’t necessarily Asian bylines I could look to…I could not envision what my career would look like.” 

-Melody hahm

FROM PRE-LAW TO BUSINESS JOURNALISM AND VENTURE CAPITAL

I went into college pursuing pre-law, but all my internship interests were in journalism. Then, I got a grant through school to go to New Delhi, India, for two months on a broadcast journalism internship. That was a turning point for me. Until that point, I didn’t understand what a real career in journalism could look like. When I got back, I tapped into any potential connection I had in the journalism world. It was through an alum of my school, who was the managing editor of Fortune magazine, who connected me to a couple of folks, and one of his contacts at CNBC reached out to me in my senior year. 

They said a news associate position was open and asked if I wanted it. I had no idea what financial and business journalism was, but it seemed like an opportunity I couldn’t pass on. So, I began my career in financial journalism on CNBC’s flagship morning show, Squawk Box. I produced segments and pitched ideas for startups to be featured on the show. At the time, it was very markets-driven, and I carved a niche for myself. 

I recognized that there wasn’t a platform for women and people of color running interesting startups to share their stories in a mainstream way. I took it upon myself to prove that these companies were going to be meaningful one day. I also wanted more experience on-air and I ended up finding an opportunity as an on-air reporter for Yahoo Finance. It was a great transition because Yahoo Finance is all digital. I got the chance to create content in a medium that I consumed. I hosted a show called Breakouts, which focused on entrepreneurship, especially among women and people of color. 

In July 2021, I left traditional media to join an early-stage venture fund called Harlem Capital which invests in diverse and women entrepreneurs. I lead their community and platform, which essentially means working with the portfolio companies and founders. As well as expanding our purview and reach as we think about democratizing venture capital for people who deserve it. It shouldn’t matter what you look like. 

It’s been a wild journey so far. There are a lot of different hats I wear. Some of my media expertise and savviness does play a role at Harlem, but I’m getting to flex my muscles to help entrepreneurs in a different realm and world, which I’m excited about. 

“I recognized that there wasn’t a platform for women and people of color running interesting startups to share their stories in a mainstream way. I took it upon myself to prove that these companies were going to be meaningful one day.” 

-melody hahm

TAKING STEPS TOWARD WHERE SHE IS TODAY

I would love to say it was well-thought-out, squarely defined, and manifested, but it wasn’t and never is. It’s always messy. Oftentimes, there are little signals along the way that remind you maybe this is not where my attention should be. I initially did not pursue a business or financial journalism career, the opportunity found me. I recognized that it was not my passion to report on the market’s daily moves. I can talk about it, but did I feel like I was getting value? Probably not. Making the 1% richer was never part of my mission. I obviously never went into journalism to make money. 

Being in that corner of media made me reconsider and reflect on who my audience was. Both Yahoo Finance and CNBC served the investor class, which tends to be more affluent and privileged. During COVID, I started excavating a bit. I asked myself how I could play a role in helping entrepreneurs, especially people who look like me, succeed. 

If you wanted to cover a startup in mainstream media, it was always about who backed them. That’s when I first started covering venture capitalists. I interviewed a lot of VCs and participated in conferences to interview VCs and the startups they funded. My mind was open to the opportunity to work at a venture capital firm where I could play a role in the process of helping entrepreneurs and equipping them with tools so they can have a fighting chance in making their mark on history. 

RECOGNIZING SELF-WORTH IN TRADITIONALLY MALE-DOMINATED WORK ENVIRONMENTS

I think my experience working in two traditionally male spaces has only fueled my fire to identify opportunities where I can change the narrative. I am very fortunate to have had mentors and direct bosses sticking their necks out for me, including the person who connected me to CNBC. I met him when I was a college student in 2011, and he ended up becoming my boss at Yahoo Finance. I’ll never forget this one conversation we had. It was our mid-year check-in, and I was so nervous. I knew I deserved a raise, but I didn’t want to be disappointed if I didn’t get it. 

I even went to seminars coaching women on negotiations. So, I was like, “Melody, you can do it. He’s always believed in you.” During the conversation, he gave me a 24% raise. I was going to ask for a third of that. My walkaway number was going to be 8%. That illustrated to me: Why was I valuing myself so little? Part of it is systemic, but I was selling myself short. That was an inflection point for me to recognize that even if this macrosystem is stacked against me, I know my worth, I know my strengths, and I know that I work hard. There are very clear and measurable things to show that makes you believe you deserve more. I recognized that even if the landscape is so male-dominated, that will not deter me. 

Tying it back to the venture capital world, so much it is bleak. Very few top-tier firms have BIPOC partners at all levels. Then, I joined Harlem Capital, which is founded by Black men. We have three Black men who are partners, and four of us are women of color, which is unheard of. You don’t see that in venture capital. I’m the only Asian woman, so it empowers me to know that they value and invest in people of color. I have a seat at the table, and I recognize my fight for my community. 

Our tagline is that we want to invest in 1,000 diverse entrepreneurs over the next 20 years. I think the only way you can do that is if the investor class and the people in the firm reflect the type of people you want to empower. We have the upper hand in understanding the problems and queries facing diverse founders. We’re the ones trying to solve the issues and provide the resources to feel the gap. It feels like a unique position to be in the venture landscape. 

“Even if this macrosystem is stacked against me, I know my worth, I know my strengths, and I know that I work hard. There are very clear and measurable things to show that makes you believe you deserve more.”

-melody hahm

NAVIGATING THE NEWSROOM AS AN ASIAN WOMAN

There were so many incidents of micro and clear aggressions from my colleagues, especially at Yahoo Finance, where I was, for a long time, the token Asian. Over the nearly six years I was at Yahoo Finance, our newsroom really blossomed. We had a flurry of people of color and lots of Asian women who joined the team. But the first couple of years were really difficult. If there was news related to ongoing issues in the Asia continent, I was expected to know the answer. I’m like, I was born in New York. I’m connected to my Korean heritage, but I don’t know the ins and outs of the dynamic of Japan and Korea. The assumption that I would have these answers definitely messed me up a little bit. 

In light of the hate crimes facing Asians, it was difficult for me during the work day because we wouldn’t cover that news. It was only when there was a business angle or organizations pledged tens of millions of dollars that it became a story in the business world. I understood that we weren’t working under a general news system, but at the same time, the lack of care felt disappointing to me. I felt I had to advocate for myself and the Asian community. 

In my current role in the venture world, it’s night and day because my colleagues are all people of color. Even when Michelle Go passed, against this influx in hate crimes was happening, they would check in on me, asking how I was doing on a personal level. To be honest, Harlem Capital has grown over the last couple of years, alongside the deaths of Black Americans like George Floyd and Breonna Taylor. My colleagues recognize how hard it is to compartmentalize pain and trauma as you experience professional success, trying to reconcile the two. I think there’s empathy in my current role and organization that gives me a little bit more strength and hope. 

THE FUTURE OF VCS

I think 20 years from now, we’ll see a magnificent diaspora of Asian, African, and Latino founders who go on to raise future rounds of capital, take their companies public, maybe start their own VCs, and become angel investors. It’s beyond my wildest dreams to think about what that diaspora looks like. Tier one VCs are already investing in Africa and Latin America. We’re seeing people choose to operate in international landscapes, and they’re all contributing to changing the face of entrepreneurship. 

I have no doubt in my mind that when hopefully my child is growing up that if they were an entrepreneur, they could look at the options and say, ‘There’s a partner who looks like me and understands my story.’ It won’t be tokenization as a poster child of diversity. It will be an integration as the DNA of up-and-coming VCs, VCs that have yet to be created, and existing firms where it won’t be an option anymore to not be diverse. This is a one-way street, and if you don’t buy into it, you will get left behind.

“It will be an integration as the DNA of up-and-coming VCs, VCs that have yet to be created, and existing firms where it won’t be an option anymore to not be diverse.”

-melody hahm

HOW TO REACH OUT

You can reach me on Twitter @melodyhahm, on Instagram @melhahm, and on LinkedIn. If you want to learn more about Harlem Capital, or if you want to learn more about my journey, I’m always excited and happy to chat with folks. If anyone is contemplating a move, career or otherwise, feel free to hit me up because I love to talk about those kinds of transitions. 

Interview credit: Tiff Soga

Image Source: Chell Diaz Fernandez Facebook

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‘Mompreneur’ Turned Her Hurdles Into Success And On A Mission To Help Other Moms Start Their Businesses

Filipino entrepreneur Chell Diaz Fernandez is on a mission to inspire other mothers to persevere in pursuing their dreams, regardless of how simple those businesses are or how difficult the road lies ahead.

The “mompreneur” has tried over 15 businesses since 2016 — she has sold in bazaars and had “sari-sari store” or a neighborhood sundry store. She’s also created a party supplies store, started selling secondhand clothes on Facebook live, and even vlogged.

Chell is currently a full-time Ultra Green Coffee business consultant, helping other mothers start coffee enterprises. She aspires to show that being a mother doesn’t limit success in business. She encourages stay-at-home moms to contact her for financial opportunities. “I want to inspire my fellow moms out there that if I can do it, you can too.” she said.

She described how difficult it was initially because her husband insisted that she should only take care of their children and would not allow her to work or start a business. She had to stand up for herself and realize that even as a stay-at-home mom, she is capable of more than she currently does.

As Chell expressed on her journey, she was aware of the many hardships she had experienced. Nonetheless, she pushed on, thinking of her loved ones and not giving up, and would forever be grateful for the pain and adversity she had endured.

She was hopeful that this would pave the way for her future development and success. In the end, she hopes that those who are discouraged will be able to find strength and hope in her motivational story about her business.

Image Source: Dollar Hits Instagram

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Filipino $1 Street Food Restaurant In LA Highlighted On Netflix “Street Food: USA”

Filipino food in the U.S. is heating up with a flurry of news reports, viral videos, and social media posts about a Pinoy-owned street food eatery in Los Angeles after it was featured on the popular Netflix show “Street Food: USA”.

One of LA’s best and most interesting eateries, Dollar Hits, is owned by Elvira Chan from the city of Pampanga, Philippines. Given how fiercely competitive the market is in Los Angeles, this is quite an accomplishment. 

She is drawing a lot of attention due to the eatery’s excellent food, welcoming crew, and affordable prices. In fact, a lot of people, particularly her “kababayans” or fellow countrymen, have backed and really patronized her business. She stated that her food business was called Dollar Hits because all of her 33 different types of street cuisine on a stick cost “one dollar”.

Having a Kapampangan root, Elvira was exposed to the different Kapampangan delicacies and even barbecue specialties. She and her sisters began their business as a food truck that sells Filipino cuisine to a loyal customer base. 

They decided to buy the market space in order to expand their eatery and accommodate more Filipino diners as their patronage grew.

They have been diligently working to expand the business and expanded locations around LA. Their California locations in Temple and West Covina have already been operating. Another expansion will be located in Woodside, New York, and will be highly anticipated in August of 2022. 

Elvira wants to help out other Filipino-owned businesses in the area, so she wants to buy the entire strip mall where Dollar Hits is now renting space.

The mission of Elvira and her Dollar Hits is to provide an exceptional experience through the food nostalgia of barbecue specialties and other Filipino traditional cuisines. This is a major accomplishment, not just for their perseverance and tenacity, but also for the Filipino-American community in Los Angeles. This is something they can all take pride in.